<b>Lashing Material and Systems</b>
In addition to grippers, lifting magnets, etc. in particular load hooks and hook blocks in various designs (depending on the load) are lashing materials on board.
The hook is rotatably mounted when it is attached to a bottom block and not attached directly to a rope or chain. An axial deep groove ball bearing is installed between the secured hook nut and the cross member of the harness or the bottom block to make the hook easy to turn. With the simple design of the storage, the ball track is worked into the nut and cross member and hardened.
In order to avoid accidents caused by unintentional unhooking of slings (chains, ropes, belts) from the hook, the hook should be provided with a hook safety device (also called a trap). Double hooks predominate for loads> 15t.
Slings are devices that do not belong to the hoist and that establish a connection between the suspension equipment (e.g. the load hook or grippers, crossbeams, tongs that are permanently connected to the crane) and the load or suspension equipment and load handling equipment. The creation of these connections is called "striking" and is carried out by so-called slingers. Safe cargo handling depends on his skills and abilities.
Load handling devices are also not part of the lifting equipment, which can be connected to the lifting equipment to pick up the load. The load handling devices include e.g. Container harnesses, hangers, grippers, clamps, buckets, lifting magnets, pallet harnesses, traverses, vacuum lifters or even tongs.
Load suspension devices can also be connected to the hoist by means of couplings that are designed for frequent loosening.
The lifting gear includes chains, ropes (natural fiber, synthetic fiber and wire ropes) as well as lifting straps and lifting belt slings made of synthetic fiber fabric with and without wire insert.
So that general cargo (boxes, containers, etc.) cannot slip in rough seas and thus lead to critical stability situations for the ship, it must be secured accordingly. One way of securing the load is to secure it by lashing it down using tension belts. These are placed over the load to be secured and lashed with clamping devices (e.g. ratchet). Make sure that there is sufficient lashing force, which depends on the acceleration values of the ship when rolling, pitching and superimposed movements as well as the material pairings of the standing area (e.g. wooden box on steel floor or box on steel floor with an anti-slip mat in between).
Lashing Material and Systems
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